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llllllununiin7 Patented June 19,1883.

J. L. ESHBLMAN. CONSTRUCTION OP SEA GOING VBSSELS. No. 279,863.

2 Sheetsf-S'heet 2.

(N6 Model.)

Patented June 19,1883.

74 Kessels.

UNITED STACrEs PATENT OFFICE..

JOHN L. ESHELMAF, OF LEADVILLE, COLORADO.'

CONSTRUCTION OF SEA-GOING VES'SELS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 279,863, dated Tune 19, 1883,

Application filed January 4, 1883. (Nn111oalel.)

ToaZZ whom t may concern.' i

Be it known that I, J oHN L. EsHnLMAN, o Leadville, in the county of Lake andState of Colorado, have made certain new and useful Improvements in Ships, of which the following is a full, clear, and eXact description, 'ret'- e1-ence being had to the accompanying drawings and letters ot' reference marked thereon, in which- Figure l is a perspective view Vof my improved vessel, showing the arrangement of the tubes and cradle. Fig. 2 isan elevation of a series of tubes connected at their ends by plugs passing through orices in a rib. Fig. 3 is a side view of a rib. Fig. 4 is transverse section o't a series of tubes and skins interposed between them, forming a section of the hull of the vessel. Fig. 5 is an elevation of a series of plugs of tw"o forms adapted to be inserted in the tubes. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the cradle secured to the bottom of the vessel, and Fig. 7 is a cross-section of the same.

Similar letters indicate like parts in all the figures.

The object of my invention is to construct ,the hull of a vessel of a stronger and more buoyant form than heretofore made with the same amount of material, and to this end my invention consists, iirst, in constructing the entire hull of a vessel, from the keel to the main deck, of a series of. horizontal tubes rest-H ing on each other, with skins interposed between them, and a skin secured to the outer surface of the outer tubes and the inner surface of the inner tubes.

My invention further consists of an anti-friction cradle made to conform with the bottom The material I prefer to employ in the construction of myimproved hull is steel, and it is built up of a series of tubes, t, placed side by side and extending transversely the thickness of the vessel, with skins s interposed between the tubes t, and skins secured to the outer and inner tubes of the hull, as sh own in Fig. 4. The tubes t, forming one row of tubes,

desired. In Fig. 5 I have shown two forms of plugs. The cylindrical ones, P, are employed to join two tubes where no ribs are employed between them, and those l, with cylindrical heads 71 72, conuectedby the smaller cylinders 0, being employed to join the superimposed tubes t (see Fig. 2) at their junction with a rib, r, the heads h of the plug P being inserted in the opposite adjacent tubes 1, and the smaller cylindrical part c of the plug passing through the hole lf of the rib r, and bolts being inserted in the holes 'z3 of the rib, the tubes t and rib 'r being Hush with each other, and skins s being secured to the outer and inner faces of the tubes t and ribs r. The outer tubes t are made thicker than the others, and also the outer skin, s, and the other tubes and skins gradually decrease in thickness from the outside to the inside of the hull, making the hull strongest on its outer face, to resist shot or pressure thereon.

The keel, keelson, and sister keelson, before being laid, aremade hollow and lplugged atmeasured intervals, and the stern-post is similarly constructed, to insure greater buoyancy. The knees, beams, and carlings are hollow tubes plugged at measured intervals, The decks and transoms for the hatchways are constructed of tubes, in the same manner as t-hc n sides of the vessel, and provided with wooden coverings. The steel skins and tubes connecting with the keel, commencing with the garboard-streak, are made much heavier proportion ately than the upper sides of the vessel, for the double purpose ot' having sufficient thickness and strength to attach the cradle hereinafter described, and also to give greater weight tothe vessel near its bottom, so that it will always loat keel downward. B (see Figs. l and 6) represents the cradle or water-bottom, made to conform in shape to the bottom of the hull, and provided with a series of longitudinal and cross ribs, m, projecting from its outer face,

IOO

the friction of the vessel 4in its movements always to float keel downward.

Vhat I elaim as my invention, and desire to seeure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A hull of a Vessel built up entirely of a series of longitudinal tubes, z, resting on eaeh other from keel to main deek, and longitudinal skins seeured thereto between the said tubes, and on the outer and inner faces oi the outer and inner tubes, substantially as described.

2. A hull of a vessel. built up of a series 0f tubes and skins, said tubes and skins gradually decreasing in thiekness from the outer to the inner side of the hull, substantially as deseribed.

y 3. The eombination, with Vthe longitudinal tubes or eylinders t, of the plugs P', Composed of the eylindrieal heads h, eonneeted together by the smaller parts c, substantially as'de seribed.

4. The combination, with a series of tubes, t, and double-headed plugs P, of the ribs r, having holes k and skins s, substantially as deseribed. y

5. The eoinbination, with the hull of a vessel built up entirely of a series of longitudinal tubes, t, resting on eaeh other from keel to main deek, and skins seeured to said tubes, of the cradle B, secured to its bottoni, substantially as shown and described.

6. The Combination, with the.l0ngit1ulinal tubes or eylinders f, ofthe eradle or waterbottom B, provided with longitudinal and eross ribs m on its outer faees, forming waten spaces l, substantially as shown and described.

, JOHN LlON ESHELMAN.

Witnesses:

GEO. W. Cook, CARL (l. Cun'riss. 

